Notes concerning spectatorship and framing:

• This continuity's initial reason for existence is to report race results: the next day's strip tells us how Mutt's fortunes are faring. This premise eventually disappears, however, and Mutt's character becomes the central subject of the strip.

Harry "Bud" Fisher, "Mr. A.Mutt Starts to Play the Races," cartoon, San FranciscoChronicle 15 Nov. 1907.