Archive for the ‘Paper Topic’ Category

In Class Presentation, ‘Poland & Martial Law.’

Thursday, December 13th, 2007

I wanted to tackle Martial Law from a different angle and I hope my presentation helped to demonstrate that while Solidarity’s role in the implementation of Martial Law is something that we as a class are familiar with, the Soviet role in the crisis required further examination. This is very important to me because after learning about Gen. Woijeich Jaruzelski’s background and the incredible amount of suffering that he’s endured and still does due to eye and back injuries he suffered during his deportation to Siberia, that anyone could think that he would welcome a Soviet invasion. What irks me is that a large amount of the research I performed on Soviet Military doctrine and positions relevant to NATO simply didn’t fit into the research paper like I’d hoped it would. This cut down dramatically on the number of citations that would’ve otherwise been included, and thus reduced the quality of my writing.

I felt it necessary to include visual aids in my presentation while delivering the material in a context that would keep the attention of the class. While my choice of vocabulary might be viewed as less than scholarly, the ability to recognize and connect with an audience takes precedence if the message is to be understood. I enjoyed the questions asked about my sources and at the same time I offer apologies for my answers as they could’ve been more helpful. I will fine tune any other presentations to include a complete list of my sources, which in this case numbered close to 20, but with only around 7-8 actually used in the final draft of my research paper.

Post Presentation Summary – Kevin

Tuesday, December 4th, 2007

Almost there… If I wasn’t clear enough in my presentation, hopefully this should serve better. Knowing that time was limited today, I tried to keep what I wanted to say as brief as possible and really sped through it, but I think I covered most of the main points I needed to cover. Either way, here’s a recap.

I chose my topic after doing a little research into Ibrahim Böhme, who I wrote my Wikipedia entry on, and after watching the movie “The Lives of Others.” Somehow, in thinking about both, I started to wonder if (as ironic as it may sound) the Stasi could have played any role in contributing to the collapse of the GDR. In realizing that that would be sort of a tough point to argue, I decided to reformat my topic a little and look into how the Stasi’s history has been interpreted since 1989.

My argument in my paper is basically that Stasi history isn’t as “black and white” as it is largely presented in writing and in the media or press and sometimes in film. At the same time, not everything or everybody associated with the Stasi were “evil.” I included evidence of this in my paper discussing the management of the Stasi Archives by the Gauck Authority which naturally is biased towards victims; “reformist” informers like Manfred Stolpe, who claim that their “conversations” with the Stasi were intended as merely a means of bringing about change in the system; officers like Marcus Wolf, who have expressed becoming disillusioned with the Stasi and the GDR leadership prior to 1989; and talked about the ZAIG (Central Evaluation and Information Group) division that focused on public opinion and encouraged an open discussion of life in the GDR (just as long as it was discussion with the Stasi, not in public or with anyone else). I hope my evidence really supports my argument as much as I intended it to.

I essentially come to the conclusion that as controversial as the Stasi is still today, further examination should strive to remain objective and that in order to do so, the laws pertaining to the Gauck Authority’s management of the archives should be revamped maybe. Like the GDR itself, not ALL in the Stasi was or were bad.

I think my presentation went ok (at least I hope). I think it was helpful in that it aided me in formulating my thoughts a little more. Now I just need to finish my paper!!!

Presentation on the Ten Day War

Tuesday, December 4th, 2007

I picked this topic because it was about the genesis of several wars which I knew very little about, despite my attention to Stokes. I knew very little about the Ten Days war, the War in the Balkans, and the various other wars that followed like Bosnia and Kosovo. In addition, the topic of asymmetric warfare is something I’d wish I didn’t hear about everyday, but it is a reality for we few and proud who choose to serve or are currently serving. As I continued to research on this subject I drew parallels between several issues and other more blatant issues (I assumed to be, at least) were not as they seemed initially. Some parallels would be the issue of media in war. It doesn’t matter where you are from or how many degrees you have, people will always listen to the media and what it tells us. The media shapes our reality so if we are watching Fox News, we tend to think things are going super duper in the war on terror and conversely if we are watching CNN. Well, Jelko Kacin who was the information minister threw the media a bone by telling them about the latest victories of the TO, like burned out vehicles which when viewed appear to show that the TO is kicking butt and taking names, when really the vehicle was abandoned and some kids set fire to it. Personally, I had the mindset that this war was a guerrilla war and ostensibly it is, but it in many ways it was nothing more than an organized armed protest (a few steps above the G8 or World Bank summit protests). What it I got out of my readings were that the Slovenes took advantage of their situation, both sides escalated tensions, there was a catharsis of sorts in the form of sporadic gun fire and the occasional tank/APC being immobilized, that immobilized armor being recorded, the JNA having no real plan and then everyone just going home because Slovenia couldn’t be suppressed. So many authors built the conflict up, but it wasn’t really a classic David versus Goliath situation like the Six-Day War between Jordan, Syria, Egypt and Iraq versus Israel, and many other wars in history. So right there, some sources like Gow and Carmichael and several others pointed out the fact that this war was largely a propaganda campaign against the weaker and ignorant JNA, which should change people’s opinions on the Ten Day war itself. This while other authors either ignore or haven’t found information validating that this war was largely a war for show. So my personal conclusions/bias doesn’t necessarily reflect the material I read, nor can I back the simplification up by facts because so much of it is over simplified, but that is where I’m coming from.

Originally my plan was to articulate the ideas I had in my paper and shed some light on new facts that were recently uncovered from other historians on the issue of the Ten Days War between the JNA and TDF. Unfortunately that didn’t happen. My argument is that the success of the Slovene resistance was the result of the Yugoslav state’s weakness, which is directly attributable to a series of decentralization efforts that benefited the TDFs and their autonomy throughout Yugoslavia. Moreover, that success was inevitable given the circumstances around 25 June 1991. The JNA chose to act against the Slovene guerrillas who had the desire to be independent from Yugoslavia, the Slovenes’ TO was trained in smaller unit tactics, were more agile and mobile, had first hand knowledge of their own country, and worse, had actual Slovenes and sympathizers within the JNA feeding them intelligence. On the other hand, the JNA had a plan, but the plan was specious and shortsighted. Their incursion was predicated on the assumption that the Slovenes would capitulate under the Yugoslav Army’s might. It was not the will of the JNA soldier to fight or die for their country, rather it was the officers at the higher echelons that desired the soldier to fight for their own control over the Yugoslav state, that was dying.

Orange Alternative

Saturday, October 6th, 2007

I’ve decided that I would like to do my paper on the Orange Alternative. Everything I read about them is absolutely hilarious, and I genuinly just want to learn more about this movement. The only problem I can see with doing this is not having enough sources, but I’d certainly like to try anyway.

 P.S – I missed the day we went over Zotero. What is it?

Journal article and paper topic

Saturday, October 6th, 2007

The more I read into what Stokes and others say about the situation between Yugoslavia and Croatia, and Yugoslavia and Slovenia – the more I want to read and understand the guerrilla scenario the Yugoslavs invited upon themselves when acting against Slovenia. I chose my paper topic to be on the resistance of Slovenes and Croats to the Yugoslav republic with the effort to juxtapose the guerrilla war’s success and the two conventional armies bloody onslaught. An article from the New York Times reflects the confusion of the conflicts between the factions. This was a “Special to the NY Times” article headlined as, “An Army Beseiged: Yugoslav Troops Fight for Status Quo as All Sides Question Their Conduct,” and dates from July 1, 1991.

One item I found particularly interesting was the author, John Tagliabue’s analysis of the JNA’s shortcomings: ethnic conscription, victimization by political maneuvering, and the binds of not being able to respond faster (because the JNA would be condemned by the international community for its eagerness to engage in war). This was all at the time in with Serbian nationalist Milosevic was making headway trying to bring the Army under Serbia’s authority within the 8 member counsel.

Lastly, the other item that stuck out was the issue of the officer corps in the JNA and their support of one Yugoslav Republic. I’ve studied other countries and the history of their officer corps, and how they have often been a source or the source of change like Gamal Abdel Nasser in Egypt and others – whether or not anyone wants to admit it. The leadership in the case of the JNA desired to keep the country together in order to maintain their own income and higher-than-standard housing and subsistance. Though they and their subordinates desired not to be killed by the territorial defense forces of the Slovenes, they did however have alterer motives which were apparent even to a free-lancer trying to make a buck off the NY Times.

Article for topic

Friday, October 5th, 2007

One article I could use for my topic is titled “Church War Crisis Brought by Czechs”.  This article talks about how the Catholic church in Czechoslovakia, led by Archbishop Joseph Beran, had resisted the control of the communist government.  It explains that the aim of the communist governments of Eastern Europe was to make the Catholic and Orthodox churches their instruments.  While there were instances of conformity, the majority of church leaders resisted.  The Catholic church also was better able to resist because a large part of the population still attended religious services.  I can use this article to get a general idea of how leaders of the Catholic church reacted to government pressure.   

News article and thoughts about newspaper resource

Friday, October 5th, 2007

I found NY Times news article that talks about 1989 Revolution in Eastern Europe based on Havel’s quote. This article was basically arguing that collaspe of Communism didn’t solve all those old problems of nation-states and the ethnic rivaries, but it only brought their old and troubled history back. The author of this news article is arguing that this event does not indicate the end of history, but it’s only a new beginning.

I guess I could use newspaper articles to getting facts right and gaining relatively unbiased information about the historical event. Books and academic journals often tend to be very biased and opinionated toward specific directions becasue those writings were developed by scholars who placed a lot of time and thoughts on certain issue. Books and journals usually provide very thoughtful insight observations of historical events, but they could also provide wrong impressions of the event, becasue even historians could be very biased toward certain issues. Although it is very clear that newspapers often provide very biased information too, since journalists don’t have a lot of time to think about the issue and write about them, I think newspaper articles could provide very honest, direct, and unbiased information about the historical events; after all, that’s what good journalism should provides.

My Paper Topic

Thursday, October 4th, 2007

I’m thinking about Solidarity in Poland.  It’s a very broad subject, but so far it seems the most interesting to me, so I’ll take suggestions on how to narrow it down into something managable for this paper.

paper topic

Thursday, October 4th, 2007

I was thinking about writing my paper about either the hippie movement in Eastern Europe and if they made any contribution to the fall of Communism. Or I was thinking about writing about the graffiti, like the orange and red men, that the anti communists painted on walls to give people hope and to anger the communist regimes and secret police. Any suggestions?

Paper Topic Part 2

Thursday, October 4th, 2007

There are many forms of art used to combat the Communist regimes. Most of the art comes from a group called the Orange Alternative, however art was all over. In a Gothic Church in Worclaw, Poland young artists’ work was displayed despite of communist opposition in a way for the students and the church to undermine the regime. As was told in the article “Gothic Church Hung with Shocking Paintings.” The article also informed me of how the regime tried to prevent art from being distributed; by closing down state sponsored art schools, making travel hard, and making many supplies unavailable.

I found another article, “Students, Urging Change, Mock Polish,” where students dressed up in the communist color red with police whistles, and holding Lenin pictures, screaming “long live the regime, long live communism.” This stunt was done in complete sarcasm and all the students were arrested or disperesed by the police. One may not believe this art but I do. It was as if the students were putting on a play, a satire, for the people around them.